Kwashiorkor is a severe form of protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) caused primarily by a deficiency of dietary protein despite adequate or near-adequate calorie intake. It predominantly affects children in developing countries during periods of famine or food shortages.
Key Features
- Protein Deficiency:
- Unlike marasmus, kwashiorkor is primarily due to inadequate protein intake relative to energy needs.
- Edema:
- A hallmark sign caused by hypoalbuminemia, leading to fluid retention in tissues.