What Is Sucralfate?
Sucralfate is a gastroprotective agent that acts as a mucosal barrier to promote healing of ulcers. It is an aluminum salt of sulfated sucrose that forms a protective coating over ulcers and erosions.
Mechanism of Action
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Forms a Protective Barrier
- In an acidic environment (pH < 4), sucralfate polymerizes and binds to damaged mucosa, creating a protective layer over ulcers.
- This shields the ulcer from gastric acid, pepsin, and bile salts, allowing it to heal.
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Stimulates Mucosal Defense
- Increases prostaglandin and bicarbonate secretion, which enhances mucosal integrity.
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Minimal Systemic Absorption
- Mostly acts locally without significant systemic effects.
Indications
- Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD) (gastric & duodenal ulcers).
- Stress Ulcer Prophylaxis (ICU patients at high risk of GI bleeding).
- Gastritis & NSAID-induced mucosal injury.
- Radiation-induced proctitis (rectal sucralfate enemas).
- Oral & Esophageal Ulcers (e.g., from chemotherapy or GERD).