Vitelline Duct
Herniation of the midgut
Development of the foregut
Duodenal Embryology
Liver Embryology
Pancreas embryology
Bile duct embryology
Spleen embryology
Rectum and Anus embryology
- Spleen
- Mesoderm (specifically from mesenchyme of the dorsal mesogastrium) - Liver
- Endoderm (hepatic diverticulum from foregut)
- Parenchymal cells: hepatocytes, biliary epithelium → endoderm
- Stromal/supportive cells: Kupffer cells, vasculature, fibrous tissue → mesoderm - Gallbladder & Bile Ducts
- Endoderm (caudal part of hepatic diverticulum) - Pancreas
- Endoderm (dorsal and ventral pancreatic buds from foregut)
- Exocrine acinar/ductal and endocrine islet cells → endoderm
- Stromal and vascular elements → mesoderm - Kidneys
- Mesoderm (specifically intermediate mesoderm)
- Nephrons, collecting system, renal capsule → mesoderm
- Ureteric bud and metanephric blastema interact to form mature kidney - Adrenal glands
- Cortex: Mesoderm (intermediate mesoderm)
- Medulla: Ectoderm (neural crest – chromaffin cells) - GI tract (esophagus to upper anal canal)
- Endoderm → epithelium and glands
- Mesoderm → muscle, connective tissue, blood vessels
- Ectoderm (neural crest) → enteric nervous system - Bladder and urethra
- Endoderm (from urogenital sinus) for epithelium
- Mesoderm for muscle and connective tissue